Revise later
SpaceTo flip
If confident
All Flashcards
What are the main phases of Meiosis?
Meiosis I (separating homologous pairs) and Meiosis II (separating sister chromatids).
What are the key steps of Prophase I?
DNA condenses into chromosomes, nuclear membrane disappears, homologous chromosomes pair up, and crossing over occurs.
What happens during Metaphase I?
Homologous chromosome pairs line up at the center of the cell with random alignment.
What occurs during Anaphase I?
Homologous chromosomes are separated and move to opposite poles; sister chromatids remain attached.
What are the steps of Meiosis II?
Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, and Telophase II, resulting in four genetically unique haploid daughter cells.
What are the simplified steps of Meiosis?
DNA Replication, Homologous Pairing, Crossing Over, Meiosis I Division, Meiosis II Division.
What is the effect of crossing over during Prophase I?
Increases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of genes.
What is the effect of random alignment of chromosomes during Metaphase I?
Increases genetic diversity by creating different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in daughter cells.
What happens if gametes were diploid instead of haploid?
Fertilization would result in offspring with double the normal chromosome number.
What is the result of Meiosis?
Four genetically unique haploid daughter cells.
What is the effect of separating homologous chromosomes in Meiosis I?
Creates two haploid cells, each with a mix of maternal and paternal DNA.
What is the result of separating sister chromatids in Meiosis II?
Four genetically unique haploid cells are formed.
What are the key differences between Mitosis and Meiosis?
Mitosis: One division, produces identical diploid cells. Meiosis: Two divisions, produces genetically unique haploid cells.
What are the differences between Anaphase I and Anaphase II?
Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes separate. Anaphase II: Sister chromatids separate.
Compare and contrast Prophase I and Prophase II.
Prophase I: Homologous chromosomes pair and crossing over occurs. Prophase II: No pairing or crossing over.
Compare diploid and haploid cells.
Diploid: 2 sets of chromosomes (2n). Haploid: 1 set of chromosomes (n).
What are the differences between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?
Meiosis I: Separates homologous chromosomes, reduces ploidy. Meiosis II: Separates sister chromatids, similar to mitosis.