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What happens when an atom has more neutrons?
It becomes an isotope with a different atomic mass.
What happens when a sample is run through a mass spectrometer?
A mass spectrum is produced, showing the mass and relative abundance of each isotope.
What are the steps to calculate average atomic mass?
1. Convert percentages of abundance to decimals. 2. Multiply each isotope's mass by its decimal abundance. 3. Sum the results.
How do you identify an element using a mass spectrum?
1. Calculate the AAM from the mass spectrum. 2. Look at the periodic table to find the element with a close AAM.
What are protons?
Positively charged particles in the nucleus that define the element.
What are neutrons?
Neutral particles in the nucleus that contribute to the mass of the atom.
What are electrons?
Negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus that determine an atom's chemical behavior.
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus, defining the element.
What is atomic mass?
The weighted average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
What is mass spectrometry?
A technique used to measure the mass and relative abundance of ions in a sample.
What is a mass spectrum?
A graph showing the different isotopes of an element and their relative abundances.
What is average atomic mass (AAM)?
The weighted average of the masses of all isotopes of an element, based on their natural abundances.