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Differentiate between Boyle's Law and Charles' Law.
Boyle's Law: Pressure and volume are inversely related at constant temperature. | Charles' Law: Volume and temperature are directly related at constant pressure.
How do Gay-Lussac's Law and Avogadro's Law differ?
Gay-Lussac's Law: Pressure and temperature are directly related at constant volume. | Avogadro's Law: Volume and the number of moles are directly related at constant temperature and pressure.
What is the effect of decreasing the volume of a gas at constant temperature?
The pressure increases (Boyle's Law).
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas at constant pressure?
The volume increases (Charles' Law).
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas at constant volume?
The pressure increases (Gay-Lussac's Law).
What is the effect of adding more gas particles to a container at constant temperature and pressure?
The volume increases (Avogadro's Law).
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas?
The average speed of the gas molecules increases.
Define pressure in terms of gas particles.
Pressure is how often gas particles hit the walls of their container.
What is standard temperature?
0 °C or 273.15 K
What is STP?
Standard Temperature and Pressure: 1 atm and 273.15 K
Define temperature.
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles.
What is the ideal gas constant (R)?
0.08206 L⋅atm/mol⋅K
Define mole fraction.
The ratio of moles of a gas to the total moles of gas in a mixture.