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What is the effect of adding a solute to a solvent on vapor pressure?
It lowers the vapor pressure of the solvent.
What is the effect of adding a solute to a solvent on boiling point?
It increases the boiling point of the solvent.
What is the effect of adding a solute to a solvent on freezing point?
It decreases the freezing point of the solvent.
What is the effect of a strong electrolyte dissolving in water?
It completely dissociates into ions, leading to high electrical conductivity.
What is the effect of a weak electrolyte dissolving in water?
It partially dissociates into ions, leading to low electrical conductivity.
What are the differences between strong and weak electrolytes?
Strong electrolytes: Completely dissociate into ions, high conductivity | Weak electrolytes: Partially dissociate into ions, low conductivity
What are the differences between electrolytes and nonelectrolytes?
Electrolytes: Form ions in solution, conduct electricity | Nonelectrolytes: Do not form ions, do not conduct electricity
Differentiate between acids and bases.
Acids: Proton (H⁺) donors, increase H⁺ concentration | Bases: Proton acceptors, increase OH⁻ concentration.
What is the definition of a solution?
A homogeneous mixture where a solute is dispersed in a solvent.
What is the definition of a solute?
The substance being dissolved in a solution.
What is the definition of a solvent?
The substance doing the dissolving in a solution.
What is the definition of an electrolyte?
A substance that forms ions in solution, allowing it to conduct electricity.
What is the definition of a nonelectrolyte?
A substance that does not form ions in solution and therefore does not conduct electricity.
Define strong electrolyte.
Substances that completely dissociate into ions in water.
Define weak electrolyte.
Substances that partially dissociate into ions in water.