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What is the key difference between physical and chemical changes?
Physical changes alter form, chemical changes create new substances.
Compare and contrast synthesis and decomposition reactions.
Synthesis combines reactants into one product; decomposition breaks one reactant into multiple products.
What is the main difference between single and double replacement reactions?
Single replacement involves one element swapping; double replacement involves two compounds exchanging ions.
What is the effect of a hydrocarbon reacting with oxygen?
Combustion, producing CO2 and H2O.
What is the result of mixing aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrate and potassium iodide?
Formation of a yellow precipitate (PbI2).
Define a physical change.
Alters the form of a substance but not its chemical identity.
Define a chemical change.
Results in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties.
What are reactants?
Substances that react (left side of the equation).
What are products?
Substances formed in a chemical reaction (right side of the equation).
Define a synthesis reaction.
Two or more reactants combine to form a single product.
Define a decomposition reaction.
A single reactant breaks down into two or more products.
What is a combustion reaction?
A reaction involving organic molecules reacting with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O.
Define a single replacement reaction.
An element replaces another element in a compound.
Define a double replacement reaction.
Ions are exchanged between two compounds.