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What is the effect of increasing temperature on the rate constant (k)?
Increasing temperature generally increases the rate constant (k), leading to a faster reaction.
What is the effect of a catalyst on the activation energy of a reaction?
A catalyst lowers the activation energy of a reaction.
What is the effect of doubling the concentration of a reactant in a first-order reaction?
The reaction rate doubles.
What is the effect of doubling the concentration of a reactant in a second-order reaction?
The reaction rate quadruples.
What are the differences between differential and integrated rate laws?
Differential rate law: Shows how rate changes with concentration. | Integrated rate law: Shows how concentration changes with time.
What are the differences between intermediates and catalysts?
Intermediates: Species formed and consumed during the reaction, but not in the overall equation. | Catalysts: Substances that speed up a reaction without being consumed.
What are the general steps to determine rate laws experimentally?
1. Run multiple trials with different reactant concentrations. 2. Observe how the rate changes with each concentration change. 3. Use this data to determine the reaction orders and rate constant.