What is the effect of increasing reactant concentration on reaction rate?
Increased reactant concentration leads to more collisions, resulting in a faster reaction rate.
What is the effect of increasing temperature on reaction rate?
Increased temperature leads to more kinetic energy, resulting in more effective collisions and a faster reaction rate.
What is the effect of increasing the surface area of a solid reactant on reaction rate?
Increased surface area provides more contact points, resulting in a faster reaction rate.
What is the effect of adding a catalyst on reaction rate?
Catalysts speed up reactions by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy.
What is the effect of increasing pressure (for gases) on reaction rate?
Increased pressure leads to more molecules in a given space, resulting in more collisions and a faster reaction rate.
Differentiate between average rate and instantaneous rate.
Average Rate: Change in concentration over a time interval. | Instantaneous Rate: Rate at a specific point in time.
What is the difference between temperature and heat?
Temperature: Measure of average kinetic energy. | Heat: Transfer of energy.
Define 'kinetics'.
The study of how quickly reactions happen and what factors influence their speed.
What is 'rate of reaction'?
How fast reactants turn into products, measured by tracking changes in concentration over time.
Define 'average rate'.
Change in concentration over a specific time interval (slope between two points on a concentration vs. time graph).
Define 'instantaneous rate'.
Rate at a specific point in time (slope of the tangent line at that point on a concentration vs. time graph).
What is chemical equilibrium?
A state where the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal, and concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.
