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What is the role of the Prime Minister in a parliamentary system?
Head of government, usually the leader of the majority party in the legislature.
What is the role of the President in a presidential system?
Head of state and head of government, directly elected by the people.
What is the role of the Legislature in a parliamentary system?
Chooses the Prime Minister and makes laws.
What is the role of the Legislature in a presidential system?
Makes laws and can check the power of the executive branch.
What is the role of the Judiciary in a presidential system?
Interprets laws and can check the power of the executive and legislative branches.
Role of the House of Commons in the UK?
Holds regular Q&A sessions with the Prime Minister, allowing scrutiny.
Role of the Senate in Nigeria?
Can reject the president's budget, acting as a check on executive power.
Role of the President in a semi-presidential system?
Shares executive power with the Prime Minister, often responsible for foreign policy and defense.
Role of the Prime Minister in a semi-presidential system?
Shares executive power with the President, often responsible for domestic policy.
Role of the Monarch in the UK?
Invites a member of the ruling party (or opposition) to command the government and select a PM.
Parliamentary vs. Presidential: Separation of Powers?
Parliamentary: No separation of powers. Presidential: Separation of powers.
Parliamentary vs. Presidential: Executive Selection?
Parliamentary: Legislature chooses Prime Minister. Presidential: People directly elect the President.
Parliamentary vs. Presidential: Policy-Making Speed?
Parliamentary: Typically faster policy-making. Presidential: Potential for gridlock.
Parliamentary vs. Semi-Presidential: Executive Structure?
Parliamentary: Single executive (Prime Minister). Semi-Presidential: Dual executive (President & Prime Minister).
Presidential vs. Semi-Presidential: Executive Election?
Presidential: President directly elected. Semi-Presidential: President directly elected, Prime Minister appointed.
Democratic vs. Authoritarian: Citizen Input?
Democratic: Citizens have decision-making power. Authoritarian: Little citizen input.
Parliamentary vs. Presidential: Source of Executive Legitimacy?
Parliamentary: Derived from legislative majority. Presidential: Derived directly from popular election.
Presidential vs. Semi-Presidential: Potential for Conflict?
Presidential: Conflict between executive and legislative branches. Semi-Presidential: Conflict between President and Prime Minister.
Parliamentary vs. Presidential: Accountability of Executive?
Parliamentary: Executive accountable to legislature. Presidential: Executive accountable to the people (through elections).
Semi-Presidential vs. Presidential: Executive Power?
Semi-Presidential: Divided executive power. Presidential: Concentrated executive power.
Define Parliamentary System.
A system where the executive and legislative branches are fused.
Define Presidential System.
A system where the executive, legislative, and judicial branches are separate.
Define Semi-Presidential System.
A system where both a President and a Prime Minister co-exist.
Define Separation of Powers.
The division of governmental power among different branches (executive, legislative, judicial).
Define Fused Powers.
The merging of executive and legislative powers, typically in a parliamentary system.
Define Gridlock.
A situation where it is difficult to pass laws due to divided government or opposing viewpoints.
Define Authoritarian Regime.
A system where decisions are made by political elites with little citizen input.
Define Democratic Regime.
A system where citizens have greater decision-making power through elections.
Define Checks and Balances.
A system where each branch of government can limit the power of the other branches.
Define Devolution.
The transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to regional governments.