All Flashcards
What are the differences between break and continue statements?
break: Exits the loop entirely. | continue: Skips the current iteration and proceeds to the next.
What are the differences between a sentinel-controlled and a flag-controlled while loop?
Sentinel: Loop ends based on a specific input value. | Flag: Loop ends based on a condition changing a boolean variable.
What are the differences between try, catch, and finally blocks in exception handling?
try: Encloses code that might throw an exception. | catch: Handles a specific exception. | finally: Always executes, regardless of exceptions.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
}
0 1 2 3 4
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i);
}
The loop will run infinitely because the value of i is never updated.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 5;
while (i > 0) {
System.out.println(i);
i--;
}
5 4 3 2 1
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 10;
while (i > 0);
{
System.out.println(i);
i--;
}
The semicolon after the while condition creates an empty loop, and the subsequent block is executed only once.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
if (i % 2 == 0) {
System.out.println(i + " is even");
}
i++;
}
0 is even 2 is even 4 is even 6 is even 8 is even
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
if (i == 3) {
break;
}
}
No error. This code will print 0, 1, and 2, then exit the loop.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
i++;
if (i == 3) {
continue;
}
System.out.println(i);
}
1 2 4 5
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int number = -5;
while (number > 0) {
System.out.println(number);
number--;
}
The loop condition is initially false, so the loop body will never execute.
What does the following code output?
java
int i = 0;
while (true) {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
if (i > 5) {
break;
}
}
0 1 2 3 4 5
Identify the error in the following code:
java
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
System.out.println(i++);
}
No error. This code will print 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
What does the following code output?
java
int x = 10;
try {
int result = x / 0;
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Division by zero");
}
Error: Division by zero
How are while loops used in input validation?
To repeatedly prompt the user for input until a valid input is provided.
How are while loops used in game development?
To maintain the game loop, continuously updating the game state and rendering the graphics.
How are while loops used in data processing?
To iterate through large datasets, performing operations on each element until the end of the data is reached.
How can while loops be used to simulate real-world processes?
By modeling repetitive tasks or events that continue until a specific condition is met, such as a machine running until it runs out of material.
How are while loops used in file processing?
To read and process data from a file line by line until the end of the file is reached.
How is exception handling used in real-world banking systems?
To handle situations like insufficient funds, invalid account numbers, or network errors during transactions, ensuring data integrity and system stability.
How are while loops used in operating systems?
To continuously monitor system resources and respond to events, such as handling user input or managing processes.