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What is a string?
A sequence of characters.
What is `substring()`?
A method that returns a portion of a string.
What does `equals()` do?
Compares two strings for content equality.
What is an index in a string?
The position of a character in the string, starting from 0.
Define 'string reversal'.
Creating a new string with characters in reverse order.
What is a 'sliding window'?
A technique to process substrings of a fixed size.
Define 'substring'.
A contiguous sequence of characters within a string.
What is string immutability?
The property that strings cannot be changed after creation.
What is the purpose of `length()`?
Returns the number of characters in a string.
What is string concatenation?
Joining two or more strings end-to-end.
Why use loops with strings?
To iterate through characters and substrings.
Explain string indexing.
Accessing characters by their position in the string.
What is the core idea of string reversal?
Building a new string by prepending characters.
How does a 'sliding window' work?
It extracts all substrings of a given length by moving one character at a time.
Why is `equals()` preferred over `==` for strings?
`equals()` compares content; `==` compares references.
Why is tracing important?
Helps visualize the process and catch errors early.
What is the importance of boundary conditions?
Ensuring algorithms work correctly at the start and end of strings.
What is the role of immutability in string manipulation?
Requires creating new strings for modifications.
Why is string searching important?
Fundamental in text processing and pattern recognition.
What is the time complexity of basic string operations?
Varies, but often O(n) for operations like searching or reversal.
Difference between `substring()` and `charAt()`?
substring(): Returns a substring. charAt(): Returns a single character.
Difference between `equals()` and `==` for strings?
equals(): Compares content. ==: Compares references.
Difference between `indexOf()` and `lastIndexOf()`?
indexOf(): First occurrence. lastIndexOf(): Last occurrence.
Difference between `toLowerCase()` and `toUpperCase()`?
toLowerCase(): Converts to lowercase. toUpperCase(): Converts to uppercase.
Difference between `replace()` and `replaceAll()`?
replace(): Replaces first occurrence. replaceAll(): Replaces all occurrences (uses regex).
Difference between using a `for` loop and a `while` loop for string iteration?
for: Typically used when the number of iterations is known. while: Used when the number of iterations is unknown.
Difference between using `StringBuilder` and `String` for string manipulation?
String: Immutable, creates new objects. StringBuilder: Mutable, modifies the existing object.
Difference between using `contains()` and manually checking for a substring?
contains(): Built-in method, simpler. Manual: More control, potentially more efficient for specific cases.
Difference between using `split()` with a regular expression and a simple delimiter?
Regex: More flexible, handles complex patterns. Simple: Faster for basic delimiters.
Difference between using `trim()` and manually removing whitespace?
trim(): Removes leading and trailing whitespace. Manual: More control over which whitespace to remove.