Breaking down a program into smaller, independent modules or functions to improve code organization, reusability, and maintainability.

It reduces development time, improves code reliability, and promotes collaboration among developers.

Libraries provide pre-tested and optimized code, saving time and effort. They also enhance reliability and promote code sharing.

Control structures (sequence, selection, iteration) determine the order in which instructions are executed in a program, guiding the flow of execution.

Algorithm design involves breaking down a problem into smaller, manageable steps and creating a logical sequence of instructions to solve it.

Testing and debugging ensure that a program functions correctly, identifies and fixes errors, and improves overall code quality and reliability.

Computing innovations have led to advancements in communication, healthcare, education, and various other fields, improving quality of life and efficiency.

Negative impacts include job displacement, privacy concerns, cybersecurity threats, and the digital divide, which can exacerbate social inequalities.

Data representation defines how data is stored and manipulated within a computer, influencing efficiency, accuracy, and the types of operations that can be performed.

APIs allow developers to easily integrate pre-built functionalities into their applications, promoting code reuse and saving development time.

A pre-written block of code containing functions and procedures that can be imported into a program.

A collection of pre-built procedures and functions that perform specific tasks, saving development time and effort.

Application Program Interface. A set of rules and specifications that define how software components should interact, providing instructions on how to use a library's procedures.

Hiding complex implementation details and exposing only essential information to the user, simplifying interaction with complex systems.

The unequal access to technology and the internet based on socioeconomic factors, geography, or other demographic variables.

The practice of protecting computer systems and networks from unauthorized access, theft, damage, or disruption.

A data type that represents whole numbers without any fractional or decimal parts.

A data type that represents numbers with fractional or decimal parts.

A data type that represents a sequence of characters, typically used to store text.

A data type that represents logical values, either true or false.

Library: A collection of pre-written code. | API: Specifies how to use the library's functions.

Sequence: Executes instructions in order. | Iteration: Repeats a block of code multiple times.

Lists: Ordered collection of items, accessed by index. | Dictionaries: Collection of key-value pairs, accessed by key.

Integers: Whole numbers without decimal places. | Floats: Numbers with decimal places.

for loop: Iterates over a sequence of elements. | while loop: Iterates as long as a condition is true.

Testing: Verifies if the program meets requirements. | Debugging: Identifies and fixes errors in the code.

Data Abstraction: Hides complex implementation details. | Data Representation: Defines how data is stored and manipulated.

Positive Impacts: Advancements in various fields, improved efficiency. | Negative Impacts: Job displacement, privacy concerns, digital divide.

Procedural: Focuses on procedures and functions. | Object-Oriented: Focuses on objects with data and methods.

Local: Defined within a function, accessible only in that function. | Global: Defined outside functions, accessible throughout the program.