All Flashcards
What are the differences between a library and an API?
Library: A collection of pre-written code. | API: Specifies how to use the library's functions.
What are the differences between sequence and iteration control structures?
Sequence: Executes instructions in order. | Iteration: Repeats a block of code multiple times.
What are the differences between lists and dictionaries?
Lists: Ordered collection of items, accessed by index. | Dictionaries: Collection of key-value pairs, accessed by key.
What are the differences between integers and floats?
Integers: Whole numbers without decimal places. | Floats: Numbers with decimal places.
What are the differences between the for and while loops?
for loop: Iterates over a sequence of elements. | while loop: Iterates as long as a condition is true.
What are the differences between testing and debugging?
Testing: Verifies if the program meets requirements. | Debugging: Identifies and fixes errors in the code.
What are the differences between data abstraction and data representation?
Data Abstraction: Hides complex implementation details. | Data Representation: Defines how data is stored and manipulated.
What are the differences between positive and negative impacts of computing?
Positive Impacts: Advancements in various fields, improved efficiency. | Negative Impacts: Job displacement, privacy concerns, digital divide.
What are the differences between procedural and object-oriented programming?
Procedural: Focuses on procedures and functions. | Object-Oriented: Focuses on objects with data and methods.
What are the differences between local and global variables?
Local: Defined within a function, accessible only in that function. | Global: Defined outside functions, accessible throughout the program.
What does the following code output?
python
from math import ceil
number = 4.2
result = ceil(number)
print(result)
5
Identify the error in the following code:
python
import random
number = random.randit(1, 10)
print(number)
The function randint is misspelled as randit. It should be corrected to randint.
What does the following code output?
python
from math import pi
print(pi)
3.141592653589793
Identify the error in the following code:
python
from math import log
number = -5
result = log(number)
print(result)
The math.log() function will raise a ValueError because it is being called with a negative number, which is not allowed for natural logarithms.
What does the following code output?
python
from math import pow
result = pow(2, 3)
print(result)
8.0
Identify the error in the following code:
python
import statistics
data = [1, 2, '3', 4, 5]
result = statistics.mean(data)
print(result)
The statistics.mean() function will raise a TypeError because the list data contains a string element ('3') while it expects numerical values.
What does the following code output?
python
from random import random
print(random())
A pseudo-random floating point number between 0.0 and 1.0.
Identify the error in the following code:
python
from math import factorial
number = 5.5
result = factorial(number)
print(result)
The math.factorial() function will raise a ValueError because it only accepts non-negative integer arguments, not floats.
What does the following code output?
python
from math import floor
number = 5.9
result = floor(number)
print(result)
5
Identify the error in the following code:
python
from math import exp
number = 'ten'
result = exp(number)
print(result)
The math.exp() function will raise a TypeError because it expects a numerical argument, not a string.
What is a module?
A pre-written block of code containing functions and procedures that can be imported into a program.
What is a software library?
A collection of pre-built procedures and functions that perform specific tasks, saving development time and effort.
What is an API?
Application Program Interface. A set of rules and specifications that define how software components should interact, providing instructions on how to use a library's procedures.
What is data abstraction?
Hiding complex implementation details and exposing only essential information to the user, simplifying interaction with complex systems.
What is the digital divide?
The unequal access to technology and the internet based on socioeconomic factors, geography, or other demographic variables.
What is cybersecurity?
The practice of protecting computer systems and networks from unauthorized access, theft, damage, or disruption.
What is an integer data type?
A data type that represents whole numbers without any fractional or decimal parts.
What is a float data type?
A data type that represents numbers with fractional or decimal parts.
What is a string data type?
A data type that represents a sequence of characters, typically used to store text.
What is a boolean data type?
A data type that represents logical values, either true or false.