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What is the effect of reducing reliance on chemical pesticides?
It helps protect soil health, water quality, and biodiversity.
What is the effect of increased biodiversity in agriculture?
More stable ecosystems that are less susceptible to pest outbreaks.
What is the effect of using broad-spectrum pesticides?
Harm to non-target organisms, including beneficial insects, and potential disruption of ecosystems.
What is the effect of persistent pest infestations on crops?
Significant crop losses and economic impact on farmers.
What is the effect of implementing an IPM strategy?
Reduced pesticide use, protection of biodiversity, and sustainable crop yields.
What is the effect of monoculture farming on pest populations?
Increased vulnerability to pest outbreaks due to lack of biodiversity.
What is the effect of climate change on pest distribution?
Altered pest ranges and increased pest pressure in new areas.
What is the effect of introducing non-native species for biological control?
Potential disruption of native ecosystems and unintended consequences.
What is the effect of pesticide resistance in pest populations?
Decreased effectiveness of chemical controls and increased reliance on alternative methods.
What is the effect of soil degradation on pest management?
Weakened plant defenses and increased susceptibility to pest infestations.
Outline the steps in implementing an IPM strategy.
1. Monitoring pest populations. 2. Identifying pests and understanding their life cycles. 3. Establishing economic thresholds. 4. Implementing a combination of control methods. 5. Evaluating the effectiveness of the IPM strategy.
Describe the process of biological control.
1. Identifying the pest. 2. Researching natural enemies. 3. Introducing or augmenting natural enemies. 4. Monitoring the impact on the pest population.
What steps are involved in crop rotation for pest management?
1. Assessing pest problems. 2. Selecting appropriate crop sequences. 3. Implementing the rotation plan. 4. Monitoring pest populations and adjusting the plan as needed.
What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
A sustainable approach to pest control using a mix of strategies to minimize harm to the environment and human health.
Define 'natural predators' in IPM.
Using a pest's natural enemies to control their populations.
What is 'crop rotation'?
Changing the crops grown in a field each season to disrupt pest life cycles.
Define 'intercropping'.
Growing multiple crops together to increase biodiversity and confuse pests.
What are 'biological controls'?
Introducing beneficial organisms to control pests.
What are 'chemical controls' in pest management?
Using pesticides judiciously and as a last resort to manage pests.
What are 'physical controls' in pest management?
Using barriers and traps to prevent pest access.
Define 'cultural control'.
Using techniques like crop rotation or intercropping to disrupt pest life cycles.
What is a 'broad-spectrum pesticide'?
A pesticide that kills a wide variety of pests, including beneficial insects.
What are 'beneficial insects'?
Natural predators or parasites used to control pests.