Explain the role of migration in cultural diffusion.
People move, and their culture moves with them, spreading it to new locations.
How does travel contribute to cultural diffusion?
Exposure to new places leads to the exchange of ideas and cultural practices.
Explain how trade routes facilitate cultural diffusion.
Trade routes act as hubs for cultural exchange, spreading languages, religions, and technologies.
How do technological advancements accelerate cultural diffusion?
Technology increases the speed and reach of communication, spreading ideas and practices more rapidly.
What role does war play in cultural diffusion?
Conquering empires often impose their culture on conquered people, leading to diffusion.
How does resource availability impact cultural practices?
Environmental factors influence cultural practices, which then spread through trade and migration.
Explain the concept of forced diffusion.
The imposition of one culture on another, often through violence or legal coercion.
How can flight lead to cultural diffusion?
People fleeing conflict bring their culture with them, mixing it with new environments.
What is the impact of lingua francas on cultural interconnectedness?
Simplified languages facilitate trade and communication, connecting different cultures.
How does the suppression of a conquered culture affect cultural diffusion?
It can lead to assimilation or disappearance of the conquered culture.
What is the effect of colonialism on the spread of Christianity?
Colonial powers used legal coercion and violence to spread Christianity in Europe and the Americas.
What is the impact of the printing press on cultural diffusion?
Mass production of books led to the spread of new ideas and knowledge.
How did the telegraph and telephone influence cultural diffusion?
Faster communication spread news and cultural practices more rapidly.
What is the effect of the internet on cultural exchange?
It exponentially expanded the reach and speed of communication, accelerating cultural exchange.
What is the impact of trade on the development of common languages?
Common languages develop to facilitate communication between traders and consumers.
What is the effect of war and conquest on religion?
Religion, language, governance systems, and other practices are imposed.
How does the environment cause cultural diffusion?
Environmental factors shape resource availability and farming techniques, which spread through trade and migration.
How does technology cause cultural diffusion?
Faster communication, spreading news and cultural practices.
How does trade cause cultural diffusion?
Merchants and the exchange of goods are major drivers of cultural diffusion.
What is the effect of colonialism on language?
Colonial powers imposed their language on the American sub-continent.
Define cultural diffusion.
The spread of cultural traits from one place to another.
What is a lingua franca?
A simplified language that develops for trade and communication.
Define creolization.
When different languages mix and create a new one.
What is colonialism?
One country attempts to establish settlements and impose its principles on another territory.
Define assimilation.
The forced adoption of a dominant culture by a minority group.
What are missionaries?
Key agents in spreading universalizing religions.
What is acculturation?
The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another.
What is transculturation?
A phenomenon of merging and converging cultures.
What is cultural relativism?
The idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture, rather than be judged against the criteria of another.
Define hierarchical diffusion.
The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places.
