It provided Caesar with a pretext to intervene in Gaul, expanding Roman influence and military power.

Caesar describes their beliefs, including their reverence for Druids and their practices of human sacrifice, often framing them as barbaric.

He notes the division between the Druids, the knights, and the common people, highlighting a hierarchical society.

Caesar wrote the *Commentarii* to justify his actions and promote his political career, so his portrayal of events and people is inherently subjective.

The Druids were priests, judges, and teachers, holding significant religious and legal authority.

Examples include *virtus* (courage), *disciplina* (discipline), and *imperium* (command/authority), often contrasted with the perceived barbarity of the Gauls.

Caesar often contrasts Roman civilization and order with the perceived chaos and barbarism of the Gauls, reinforcing the superiority of Roman culture.

Individuals and tribes often formed alliances for protection and support, influencing political and military dynamics.

By highlighting what he considered strange or barbaric customs, Caesar could justify his military actions as bringing civilization to a less advanced people.

The Roman army relied on superior organization, discipline, and engineering skills to overcome their enemies.

The subjunctive mood is used in indirect questions, which report a question indirectly. The tense of the subjunctive depends on the sequence of tenses.

The ablative absolute is a participial phrase in the ablative case that is grammatically independent of the main clause. It provides background information or sets the scene.

The sequence of tenses governs the relationship between the tense of the main verb and the tense of the subjunctive verb in subordinate clauses (e.g., indirect statement, purpose clauses).

The gerund is a verbal noun ending in -nd- and is used in various constructions (e.g., genitive of purpose). The gerundive is a verbal adjective also ending in -nd- and expresses obligation or necessity.

An indirect statement reports what someone said, thought, or perceived. It uses an accusative subject and an infinitive verb.

Cum clauses are subordinate clauses introduced by 'cum' (when, since, although). The mood of the verb in the cum clause depends on the type of cum clause (e.g., causal, temporal, concessive).

A purpose clause expresses the purpose or intention of an action. It is introduced by 'ut' or 'ne' and uses the subjunctive mood.

A result clause expresses the result of an action. It is introduced by 'ut' and is often preceded by words like 'tam', 'sic', 'ita', or 'adeo'. It uses the subjunctive mood.

The dative of agent is used with the gerundive to indicate who must perform the action expressed by the gerundive.

A relative clause of characteristic describes a general quality or characteristic of a person or thing. It uses the subjunctive mood.

A Gallic tribe whose planned migration triggers Caesar's intervention in Book 1.

A tribe in Gaul mentioned as one of the key players during Caesar's campaigns.

A Belgic tribe known for their fierce resistance against Caesar.

A maritime tribe in Gaul, known for their naval power and resistance to Caesar.

Commentaries or memoirs; the genre of Caesar's work, suggesting a straightforward account.

Battle or combat.

Courage, valor, or manliness; a key Roman virtue.

The customs of the ancestors; traditional Roman values and practices.

A lieutenant or envoy; a high-ranking officer in the Roman army.

Winter quarters; the place where troops were stationed during the winter.