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In A minor, what is the function of a G# chord?

V (Leading tone chord)

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In A minor, what is the function of a G# chord?
V (Leading tone chord)
In C major, what is the relationship of A minor?
Relative minor.
In C major, what is the relationship of C minor?
Parallel minor.
In A minor, what is the function of a G# major chord?
V (Leading tone chord in harmonic minor)
In C major, what is the function of an A minor chord?
vi (Relative minor)
What is a natural minor scale?
A minor scale with the pattern Whole-Half-Whole-Whole-Half-Whole-Whole, or a major scale with lowered 3rd, 6th, and 7th degrees.
What is a harmonic minor scale?
A natural minor scale with a raised 7th degree.
What is a melodic minor scale?
A minor scale with raised 6th and 7th ascending, and the same as natural minor descending.
Define relative keys.
Keys that share the same key signature but have different tonics, a minor third apart.
Define parallel keys.
Keys that share the same tonic but have different modes (major/minor).
Define closely related keys.
Keys that share many pitches and chord progressions, located next to each other on the circle of fifths.
Define distantly related keys.
Keys that don't share many chords, used for contrast and tension.
What is a chromatic scale?
A scale with 12 pitches, all a half step apart.
What is a whole tone scale?
A scale with all whole steps, containing 6 notes.
What is a pentatonic scale?
A five-note scale. Can be major (1, 2, 3, 5, 6 of major) or minor (1, 3, 4, 5, 7 of natural minor).
Define timbre.
The unique sound quality of an instrument or voice.
Define conjunct motion.
Stepwise melodic movement.
Define disjunct motion.
Melodic movement with leaps and skips.
Define monophony.
A musical texture consisting of one single melody.
Define homophony.
A musical texture consisting of a melody with accompaniment.
Define polyphony.
A musical texture consisting of multiple independent melodies at once.
What is syncopation?
Accents on off-beats.
What are polyrhythms?
Conflicting rhythms played simultaneously.
What is hemiola?
The feeling of a shift in meter.