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Differentiate between balanced and unbalanced forces.
Balanced forces: Net force is zero, constant velocity. Unbalanced forces: Net force is non-zero, acceleration occurs.
What is the difference between internal and external forces?
External forces: Act on the system from outside, can change the system's momentum. Internal forces: Act within the system, do not change the system's momentum.
Compare the effect of doubling the net force versus doubling the mass on an object's acceleration.
Doubling net force: Doubles acceleration. Doubling mass: Halves acceleration.
Compare the motion of an object with zero net external force vs. non-zero net external force.
Zero net force: Constant velocity (or at rest). Non-zero net force: Acceleration.
Compare the directions of net force and acceleration.
Net Force: Direction of the net force can be in any direction. Acceleration: Acceleration is always in the same direction as the net force.
What is the effect of an unbalanced force?
Causes the system to accelerate in the direction of the net force.
What is the effect of doubling the net force on an object?
The object's acceleration doubles, assuming mass remains constant.
What is the effect of doubling the mass of an object, with the same net force applied?
The object's acceleration is halved.
What happens when the net external force on a system is zero?
The system's center of mass maintains a constant velocity (or remains at rest).
What is the effect of friction on a moving object?
Friction opposes the motion, resulting in a net force that is reduced, and thus a smaller acceleration.
What is the effect of a non-zero net force acting on an object?
The object accelerates in the direction of the net force.
What happens when the net external force on an object is zero?
The object's velocity remains constant (it either stays at rest or continues moving at a constant velocity).
What is the effect of increasing the net force on an object, assuming mass is constant?
The acceleration of the object increases proportionally.
What is the effect of increasing the mass of an object, assuming the net force remains constant?
The acceleration of the object decreases proportionally.
What happens if the forces acting on an object are balanced?
The object maintains a constant velocity (or remains at rest); there is no acceleration.