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What is the effect of increasing the force applied to a constant area?
Increased pressure.
What is the effect of decreasing the area over which a constant force is applied?
Increased pressure.
What happens to gauge pressure as depth increases in a fluid?
Gauge pressure increases linearly.
What causes fluid pressure?
Countless tiny collisions of fluid particles against a surface.
What happens when the pressure inside a container is higher than the pressure outside?
Fluid will flow out of the container.
What are the key differences between absolute and gauge pressure?
Absolute Pressure: Total pressure including atmospheric pressure. | Gauge Pressure: Pressure relative to atmospheric pressure.
Compare compressible and incompressible fluids.
Compressible fluids: Volume and density change under pressure (e.g., gases). | Incompressible fluids: Volume and density remain constant under pressure (e.g., liquids).
What is the difference between pressure and force?
Force: A vector quantity with magnitude and direction. | Pressure: A scalar quantity representing force per unit area, acting equally in all directions.
Define Pressure (P).
Pressure is the measure of how concentrated a force (F) is over an area (A). $P = \frac{F}{A}$
What is an incompressible fluid?
A fluid that maintains constant volume and density even under pressure (e.g., water, oil).
Define Absolute Pressure (P).
Total pressure, including atmospheric pressure ($P_0$). $P = P_0 + P_{gauge}$
Define Gauge Pressure ($P_{gauge}$).
Pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. $P_{gauge} = P - P_0$
What is the formula for gauge pressure as a function of depth?
$P_{gauge} = \rho gh$, where $\rho$ is fluid density, $g$ is gravity, and $h$ is depth.
What is the relationship between force, pressure, and area?
Pressure equals force divided by area: $P = \frac{F}{A}$