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Define Gravitational Force.
A fundamental force that attracts objects with mass towards each other.
What is 'g' in the context of gravitational force?
Acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s² on Earth).
Define Strong Force.
The force that holds atomic nuclei together.
What is Weight?
The force of gravity acting on an object, calculated as $F_g = mg$.
What is Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
Describes how mass and distance affect gravitational force.
What is the effect of increasing the mass of an object on its gravitational force?
Increases the gravitational force.
What is the effect of increasing the distance between two objects on the gravitational force between them?
Decreases the gravitational force.
What happens when the distance between two objects is doubled?
The gravitational force becomes one-fourth as strong.
What happens when the mass of an object is doubled?
The gravitational force it exerts doubles.
What causes gravity to dominate at astronomical scales?
Gravity has an infinite range and there is no negative mass to cancel it out.
What is the difference between weight and mass?
Mass: Amount of matter in an object. Weight: Force of gravity acting on that mass.
Compare the range of the strong force and gravity.
Strong Force: Very short-ranged. Gravity: Infinite range.
Contrast the effect of distance on gravitational force vs. strong force.
Gravitational Force: Decreases with the square of the distance. Strong Force: Decreases exponentially with distance.
Compare the effect of mass on gravitational force vs. electromagnetic force.
Gravitational Force: Always attractive, depends on mass. Electromagnetic Force: Attractive or repulsive, depends on charge.
Differentiate between the roles of gravity and the strong force in the universe.
Gravity: Dominant at astronomical scales, holds galaxies together. Strong Force: Holds atomic nuclei together, short range.