What is the effect of increasing temperature on gas pressure in a rigid container?
The pressure increases.
What happens to the pressure of an ideal gas if it is compressed to half its original volume while the temperature is kept constant?
The pressure is doubled.
What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas in a container at constant volume and temperature?
The pressure increases.
What happens to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules when the temperature increases?
The average kinetic energy increases.
What happens when two objects reach thermal equilibrium?
There is no net heat flow between them.
What are the key differences between Heat and Temperature?
Heat: Energy transferred due to temperature differences (Joules). Flows from hot to cold. Transferred by conduction, convection, or radiation. | Temperature: Measure of average kinetic energy (°C, °F, K). Measures average kinetic energy, regardless of heat flow. Measured with a thermometer.
What is Pressure (P)?
Force (F) applied over an Area (A): $P = \frac{F}{A}$
What is Thermal Energy?
Energy due to increased temperature, resulting in faster and more frequent collisions between gas atoms. It's kinetic energy at the molecular level.
What is Kinetic Energy?
Energy due to motion. Thermal energy is a form of kinetic energy.
What is RMS speed?
A measure of the average speed of molecules.
What is Temperature?
A measure of an object’s internal energy, directly related to kinetic energy: $KE_{avg} = \frac{3}{2}k_BT$
What is Heat?
The amount of thermal energy transferred from one object to another.
What is Thermal Equilibrium?
When two objects have the same temperature, there's no net heat flow.
What is the Ideal Gas Law?
Combines relationships between pressure, volume, number of moles, and temperature: $PV = nRT$
