Define Electric Field (E).
The force per unit charge; a vector field with magnitude and direction.
Define Magnetic Field (B).
A vector field that exerts a force on moving charges.
Define Faraday's Law.
A changing magnetic flux through a loop of wire induces an electromotive force (EMF). Mathematically: $\varepsilon = -N \frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}$
Define Lenz's Law.
The induced current flows in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.
Define Magnetic Flux (ฮฆB).
The product of the magnetic field strength and the area perpendicular to the field: $\Phi_B = BA \cos(\theta)$.
Define Lorentz Force Law.
The force on a moving charge in a magnetic field: $F = qvB \sin(\theta)$.
What is the effect of a changing magnetic flux through a loop of wire?
It induces an electromotive force (EMF), which can drive an electric current.
What is the effect of moving a charge through a magnetic field?
The charge experiences a magnetic force, described by the Lorentz force law.
What happens when a coil rotates in a magnetic field?
Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, generating electricity (as in a generator).
How do you determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire?
Use the right-hand rule: point your thumb in the direction of the current, and your fingers curl in the direction of the magnetic field.
How do you determine the direction of the magnetic force on a moving positive charge?
Use the right-hand rule: point your fingers in the direction of the velocity, curl them towards the magnetic field, and your thumb points in the direction of the force.
