Internal Energy and Energy Transfer

This study guide covers the fundamentals of thermodynamics, focusing on energy transfer through work and heat. It explains the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics (thermal equilibrium), and the First Law of Thermodynamics (energy conservation). Key concepts include the equation ΔU = Q + W, PV diagrams, calculating work (W = -PΔV) for various thermodynamic processes (isobaric, isochoric, isothermal, adiabatic), and sign conventions. Practice questions and exam tips are also provided.