What are the steps to determine the direction of induced current using Lenz's Law?
1. Determine the direction of the original magnetic field. 2. Determine if the magnetic flux is increasing or decreasing. 3. The induced current creates a magnetic field that opposes the change in flux. 4. Use the right-hand rule to find the direction of the induced current.
Describe the energy conversion process in a generator.
Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction.
Describe the energy storage process in an inductor.
An inductor stores energy in the form of a magnetic field when current flows through it. The energy stored is given by $U = \frac{1}{2}LI^2$.
What is the key difference between Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law?
Faraday's Law: Quantifies the magnitude of induced EMF. | Lenz's Law: Determines the direction of the induced current.
Compare the behavior of current in an LR circuit immediately after a voltage is applied versus after a long time.
Immediately after: Current starts at zero and gradually increases due to the inductor's opposition. | After a long time: Current reaches its maximum value, limited only by the resistance.
What is induced EMF?
Voltage generated by a changing magnetic field.
Define magnetic flux ($\Phi_B$).
The amount of magnetic field passing through an area; $\Phi_B = B cdot A cdot cos(\theta)$.
What is inductance (L)?
A measure of how much a coil resists changes in current, measured in henries (H).
Define the time constant (\$\tau$) in an LR circuit.
The time it takes for the current in an LR circuit to reach approximately 63.2% of its maximum value; \$\tau = \frac{L}{R}$.
What is the significance of Maxwell's Equations?
They tie together electricity and magnetism, explaining how electromagnetic waves propagate and are crucial for designing electrical devices.
What is Faraday's Law?
A changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF).
What is Lenz's Law?
The direction of the induced current opposes the change in magnetic flux that caused it.
