Compare the functions of the Lateral Hypothalamus and Ventromedial Hypothalamus.
LH stimulates hunger, while VMH stimulates satiety.
Compare the roles of Estrogen and Testosterone in sexual motivation.
Estrogen is the primary female sex hormone, while testosterone is the primary male sex hormone; both are interconnected with sexual attraction.
Compare the effects of Ghrelin and Leptin on hunger.
Ghrelin increases hunger, while Leptin decreases hunger.
What is Set-Point Theory?
Your body has a genetically predetermined weight; it fights back with increased hunger and lowered metabolism when you deviate.
What is the Sexual Response Cycle?
The four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.
Explain the core idea of Social Motivation.
Humans have a fundamental need to belong, and this need is a powerful motivator for behavior.
What is the main idea behind Washburn & Cannon's Experiment?
Stomach contractions were initially thought to be the sole cause of hunger, but it's more complex.
What role does Glucose play in Hunger Motivation?
Your body's main energy source. When levels drop, hunger signals kick in.
What is Kinsey's contribution to understanding sexual motivation?
Pioneering survey on sexual behavior, finding premarital sex more common than previously thought.
How do social connections relate to our ancestors' survival?
Social connections boosted survival for our ancestors.
What are the effects of social connections and autonomy?
Leads to high self-esteem and feeling valued.
How does culture influence taste preferences?
Culture dictates what we consider edible.
How does thinking about food affect hunger?
Thinking about food can trigger hunger.
What is the effect of damage to the Lateral Hypothalamus?
No desire to eat.
What is the effect of damage to the Ventromedial Hypothalamus?
Never feeling full.
What is the effect of increased Ghrelin levels?
Increased hunger.
What is the effect of decreased Leptin levels?
Increased hunger.
What is the effect of social eating?
Increased food consumption.
What is the effect of ostracism?
Feelings of pain and social distress.
What is the effect of carbohydrate consumption on mood?
Boosts serotonin, leading to improved mood.
What is the effect of social + autonomy?
Leads to high self-esteem and feeling valued.
What is the effect of increased Orexin levels?
Increased hunger.
What is the effect of increased Insulin levels?
Controls blood glucose levels.
