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What is Categorical Data?
Data representing attributes or categories, described by percentages or proportions.
What is Quantitative Data?
Numerical data where arithmetic operations like averaging make sense.
What is Bivariate Data?
Data involving two variables, examined to explore relationships.
Define a Positive Relationship in bivariate data.
As one variable increases, the other tends to increase.
Define a Negative Relationship in bivariate data.
As one variable increases, the other tends to decrease.
Explain the concept of Correlation vs. Causation.
Correlation indicates a relationship between variables, but causation means one variable directly causes a change in another. Correlation does not imply causation.
Explain the use of Histograms for categorical data.
Histograms (bar charts) display the counts in each category of a categorical variable, visualizing the distribution of data.
Explain the use of Frequency Charts for categorical data.
Frequency charts show percentages instead of counts for each category, making it easier to compare proportions across categories.
Explain the use of Mosaic Plots for categorical data.
Mosaic plots use rectangles sized by proportions to visualize the relationship between two categorical variables.
Explain the use of Scatterplots for quantitative data.
Scatterplots plot one quantitative variable against another to observe patterns, direction, and strength of the relationship.
What are the differences between Categorical and Quantitative Data?
Categorical: Represents categories/groups, described by proportions. | Quantitative: Numerical data, arithmetic operations are meaningful.
What are the differences between Histograms and Frequency Charts?
Histograms: Show raw counts in each category. | Frequency Charts: Show percentages in each category, useful for comparing proportions.
What are the differences between Positive and Negative Relationships in bivariate data?
Positive: As one variable increases, the other tends to increase. | Negative: As one variable increases, the other tends to decrease.