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What is the Second Great Awakening?
A religious revival that fueled many social reforms in the 19th century, emphasizing personal piety and individual conversion.
Define the Temperance Movement.
A movement to curb alcohol consumption, driven by moral and religious concerns about its impact on society.
What were penitentiaries?
New prisons focused on structure and discipline for moral reform, reflecting the asylum movement's beliefs.
Define Common Schools.
Public schools supported by tax dollars, aiming to educate all citizens regardless of social status.
What is the Declaration of Sentiments?
A document modeled on the Declaration of Independence, outlining women's grievances and demands for equal rights, created at the Seneca Falls Convention.
What was the goal of the American Colonization Society (ACS)?
To relocate free African Americans to West Africa (Liberia), based on the belief they would thrive better in Africa and reduce racial tensions.
What was the American Anti-Slavery Society (AAS)?
An abolitionist organization founded by William Lloyd Garrison, advocating for the end of slavery through public lectures, publications, and grassroots organizing.
Define Abolitionism.
The movement to end slavery, viewing it as a sin and a violation of Christian principles.
What were McGuffey Readers?
Standardized textbooks used in public schools to teach morals and values.
What is Suffrage?
The right to vote, a key demand of the women's rights movement.
What was the American Temperance Society (1826)?
An organization that called for total abstinence from alcohol, contributing to a significant drop in alcohol consumption.
What was the significance of Seneca Falls Convention (1848)?
A pivotal event in the women's rights movement, where leaders like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott discussed women's rights and created the Declaration of Sentiments.
What was the impact of the Second Great Awakening?
It created a sense of moral obligation to improve society, laying the groundwork for movements like temperance and abolition.
What was the role of the Liberator?
William Lloyd Garrison's abolitionist newspaper that called for an end to slavery and for free states to secede from the slave states.
What was the impact of Dorothea Dix's work?
She helped establish 32 new, more humane mental hospitals in the US and Canada.
What was the goal of public education?
To decrease the uneducated population, assimilate immigrants, and instill morals.
Compare the goals of the American Colonization Society and the American Anti-Slavery Society.
ACS aimed to relocate free African Americans to Africa, while AAS sought the immediate abolition of slavery in the United States.
Compare the Temperance Movement and the Abolitionist Movement.
Both were driven by moral and religious concerns, but the Temperance Movement focused on alcohol consumption, while the Abolitionist Movement focused on ending slavery.
Compare the views of Booker T. Washington and Frederick Douglass.
Douglass advocated for immediate equality, while Washington promoted gradual progress through vocational training.