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Causes and effects of industrialization (1890-1920)?
Causes: Technological advancements, immigration. Effects: Urban growth, social inequality.
Causes and effects of the Progressive Era?
Cause: Negative impacts of industrialization. Effects: Government regulation, social reforms.
Causes and effects of the Great Depression?
Causes: Stock market crash, bank failures. Effects: Unemployment, poverty, social unrest.
Causes and effects of the New Deal?
Cause: Great Depression. Effects: Expanded government role, Social Security, modern liberalism.
Causes and effects of WWI?
Causes: Imperialism, nationalism. Effects: US as global power, League of Nations.
Causes and effects of WWII?
Causes: Aggression of Axis powers. Effects: US as superpower, economic boom, UN, NATO.
Causes and effects of mass culture rise?
Causes: Communication innovations. Effects: Unified national culture, debates over values.
Causes and effects of the Scopes Trial?
Cause: Clash of traditional and modern values. Effects: Highlighted cultural divide.
Causes and effects of increased migration?
Causes: Economic opportunities, global events. Effects: Urban growth, cultural changes.
Causes and effects of the Spanish-American War?
Cause: U.S. intervention in Cuban War. Effects: U.S. gains Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines.
What is 'urban'?
Relating to a city or town.
Define Federal Reserve System.
The central banking system of the United States.
What is a federal income tax?
A tax levied by the federal government on annual earnings.
Define Black Tuesday.
The day the stock market crashed in 1929, triggering the Great Depression.
What is the Social Security Act?
A New Deal program providing old-age pensions and unemployment insurance.
Define National Industrial Recovery Act.
A New Deal program aimed to stimulate economic recovery through industry regulation.
What is modern liberalism?
Political ideology emphasizing government responsibility for social and economic welfare.
Define Materialism.
A tendency to consider material possessions and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values.
What is Expansionism?
A policy or practice of territorial or economic expansion.
Define Imperialism.
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
What was the Progressive Era?
A period of social activism and political reform in the early 1900s that sought to address the negative impacts of industrialization.
What was the Great Depression?
A severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s.
What was the New Deal?
A series of programs and projects undertaken by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939.
What was the Scopes Trial?
A highly publicized 1925 trial in which John Scopes was accused of violating Tennessee law by teaching evolution in a public school.
What was the Spanish-American War?
A conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, the result of U.S. intervention in the Cuban War of Independence.
What was World War I?
A global war fought from 1914 to 1918, involving many of the world's great powers.
What was World War II?
A global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, involving the vast majority of the world's countries.
What happened in 1898?
The U.S. gained control of the Hawaiian Islands.
What was the Hawaiian Annexation?
The U.S. gained control of the Hawaiian Islands in 1898.
What was the Marshall Plan?
A U.S. program providing aid to Western Europe following the devastation of World War II.