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What was the significance of Sputnik (1957)?
The Soviet launch of Sputnik sparked the space race and increased fears about Soviet technological superiority.
What was the Bay of Pigs (1961)?
A failed U.S.-backed invasion of Cuba to overthrow Fidel Castro.
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)?
A tense standoff between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba, which brought the world close to nuclear war.
What was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?
A resolution passed by Congress that gave President Johnson broad authority to escalate the war in Vietnam.
What was the Tet Offensive (1968)?
A series of surprise attacks by the Viet Cong that shook American confidence in the Vietnam War.
What were the Camp David Accords?
A peace agreement brokered by President Carter between Egypt and Israel.
What was Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?
A Supreme Court case that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional.
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)?
A civil rights protest in which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama to protest segregated seating.
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
Landmark legislation that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Legislation that prohibited racial discrimination in voting.
What was the Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979)?
A diplomatic crisis between Iran and the United States where 52 Americans were held hostage for 444 days.
What was the U-2 Incident?
An American spy plane shot down over the Soviet Union, which damaged US-Soviet relations.
Compare the Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower Doctrine.
Both aimed to contain communism, but the Truman Doctrine focused on Europe (Greece and Turkey), while the Eisenhower Doctrine focused on the Middle East.
Compare the First and Second Red Scares.
Both involved fear of radical ideologies, but the First Red Scare (post-WWI) focused on anarchism and socialism, while the Second Red Scare (post-WWII) focused on communism.
Compare the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
The Civil Rights Act outlawed discrimination, while the Voting Rights Act specifically protected voting rights.
Compare Kennedy's and Johnson's approaches to Vietnam.
Kennedy initially used advisors, while Johnson escalated the war with combat troops after the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.
Compare the goals of the SCLC and SNCC.
Both were civil rights organizations, but SCLC focused on nonviolent protest and SNCC initially focused on sit-ins and later became more radical.
Compare the Korean War and the Vietnam War.
Both were proxy wars during the Cold War, but the Korean War ended in a stalemate, while the Vietnam War ended in a U.S. withdrawal.
Compare the approaches of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X.
King advocated for nonviolent resistance and integration, while Malcolm X initially advocated for separatism and self-defense.
Compare the counterculture movement and the Civil Rights Movement.
Both challenged societal norms, but the counterculture focused on personal liberation, while the Civil Rights Movement focused on equality and justice.
What were the causes and effects of the Baby Boom?
Causes: Returning veterans, post-war optimism. Effects: Suburban growth, increased consumerism.
What were the causes and effects of McCarthyism?
Causes: Fear of communist infiltration. Effects: Blacklisting, political repression, erosion of civil liberties.
What were the causes and effects of the Vietnam War?
Causes: Containment policy, domino theory. Effects: Division in American society, loss of life, distrust of government.
What were the causes and effects of the Watergate Scandal?
Causes: Abuse of power by the Nixon administration. Effects: Nixon's resignation, increased distrust of government.
What were the causes and effects of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?
Causes: Soviet desire to support a communist regime. Effects: Strained US-Soviet relations, U.S. boycott of the Moscow Olympics.
What were the causes and effects of Brown v. Board of Education?
Causes: Challenges to segregation. Effects: Desegregation of schools, resistance in the South.
What were the causes and effects of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
Causes: Civil Rights Movement, pressure on Congress. Effects: Outlawed discrimination, advanced equality.
What were the causes and effects of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Causes: Continued discrimination in voting. Effects: Increased voter registration, greater political participation.
What were the causes and effects of the Iranian Hostage Crisis?
Causes: Iranian Revolution, anti-American sentiment. Effects: Weakened Carter's presidency, strained US-Iran relations.
What were the causes and effects of the Cold War?
Causes: Ideological differences, geopolitical competition. Effects: Arms race, proxy wars, division of Europe.
What were the causes and effects of the Tet Offensive?
Causes: North Vietnam's attempt to incite rebellion in South Vietnam. Effects: Decreased American support for the Vietnam War.