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Compare the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean trade routes.
Silk Roads: Land-based, luxury goods, spread of Buddhism. Indian Ocean: Sea-based, bulk goods, spread of Islam.
Compare the Trans-Saharan trade routes and the Silk Roads.
Trans-Saharan: Connected West Africa, gold and salt, spread of Islam. Silk Roads: Connected East and West, silk and spices, spread of Buddhism.
Compare the role of Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo.
Both were travelers who documented their journeys, but Ibn Battuta focused on Islamic societies while Marco Polo focused on China.
Compare trade in the Classical Era and the Post-Classical Era.
Classical Era: Trade existed but was less extensive. Post-Classical Era: Expansion of existing trade networks and increased global interaction.
Compare the impact of trade on the Swahili Coast and Southeast Asian empires.
Both grew wealthy through trade, but the Swahili Coast was more influenced by Arab traders while Southeast Asia was influenced by Indian traders.
Compare the effects of the Bubonic Plague in Europe and Asia.
Both regions experienced population decline and economic disruption, but Europe saw more significant social changes.
Compare the voyages of Zheng He and European explorers in the 15th century.
Zheng He's voyages were for trade and diplomacy, while European voyages were for exploration and colonization.
Compare the roles of camels and dhows in trade.
Camels were essential for Trans-Saharan trade, facilitating land transport. Dhows were crucial for Indian Ocean trade, enabling sea transport.
Compare the impact of trade on religion and technology.
Trade facilitated the spread of religions like Islam and Buddhism. It also facilitated the spread of technologies like the compass and astrolabe.
Compare the economic systems of China and Europe during this period.
China used paper money and had a centralized economy, while Europe relied on silver and had a more decentralized economy.
Define Silk Roads.
A network of land and sea routes connecting East and West, facilitating trade and cultural exchange.
Define Indian Ocean Trade Routes.
Sea routes connecting Africa, the Middle East, India, Southeast Asia, and East Asia, crucial for spice and textile trade.
Define Trans-Saharan Trade Routes.
Land routes connecting West Africa with the Mediterranean and the Middle East, vital for gold and salt exchange.
Define Pax Mongolica.
A period of relative peace and stability in Eurasia under Mongol rule, facilitating trade along the Silk Roads.
Define proselytization.
Actively converting people to a religion, often facilitated by trade routes.
Define astrolabe.
An instrument used to make astronomical measurements, especially of altitude, used by mariners to determine latitude.
Define compass.
A navigational instrument that shows the cardinal directions, or bearings, used for navigation.
Define caravanserai.
Roadside inns along trade routes, providing lodging and safety for merchants and travelers.
Define dhow.
A traditional Arab sailing vessel with lateen sails, used extensively in the Indian Ocean trade.
Define junk.
A large Chinese sailing ship used for oceanic voyages, known for its size and advanced features.
What was the significance of the Crusades (1095-1492)?
A series of religious wars that increased European contact with the Middle East, stimulating trade and cultural exchange.
What was the impact of the Mongol sack of Baghdad in 1258?
Marked the end of the Abbasid Caliphate, leading to shifts in power and trade routes in the Middle East.
What was the significance of Marco Polo’s travels (1271-1295)?
Increased European awareness of Asia and stimulated interest in trade with the East.
What was the impact of the Pax Mongolica on the Silk Roads?
The peak of the Pax Mongolica in 1279 ensured relative peace and stability, boosting trade and cultural exchange along the Silk Roads.
What was the significance of Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage in 1324?
Showcased the wealth of Mali and stimulated interest in West African gold, increasing Trans-Saharan trade.
What was the impact of Ibn Battuta’s travels (1325-1349)?
Provided detailed accounts of Islamic societies and trade networks across Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
What was the impact of the Bubonic Plague in Europe (1347-1348)?
Devastated Europe's population, disrupting trade and leading to social and economic changes.
What was the significance of Zheng He’s voyages (1405-1433)?
Demonstrated China's naval power and promoted trade and diplomatic relations in the Indian Ocean.
What was the role of the Ottoman Empire (1299-1921) in trade?
Controlled key trade routes between Europe and Asia, influencing trade dynamics and cultural exchange.
What was the general trend of trade routes during 1200-1450?
Expansion of existing trade networks, facilitated by new empires and technologies, leading to increased global interaction.