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What were the causes and effects of technological innovations?
Causes: Need for increased production efficiency. Effects: Booming industries, increased production, and new job opportunities.
What were the causes and effects of the Enclosure Acts?
Causes: Desire for more efficient land use. Effects: Displacement of rural populations and migration to cities.
What were the causes and effects of urbanization?
Causes: Factory jobs and economic opportunities in cities. Effects: Overcrowding, poor living conditions, and new social structures.
What were the causes and effects of the factory system?
Causes: Technological advancements and the need for centralized production. Effects: Increased production, specialization of labor, and altered social structures.
What were the causes and effects of colonialism?
Causes: Desire for raw materials and new markets. Effects: Economic growth for industrialized nations and exploitation of colonial resources and labor.
What were the causes and effects of new energy sources?
Causes: Need for more efficient power sources. Effects: Increased production, lower costs, and the ability to power factories and machines.
What were the causes and effects of improved agricultural activity?
Causes: Desire for increased food production. Effects: Supported growing populations and provided labor for factories.
What were the causes and effects of capitalism?
Causes: Belief in free markets and private property. Effects: Fueled industrial growth, encouraged investment, and created new wealth.
What were the causes and effects of specialization of labor?
Causes: Desire for increased production efficiency. Effects: Increased output, loss of broad skills for workers, and dependence on the factory system.
What were the causes and effects of the assembly line?
Causes: Desire for maximized production efficiency. Effects: Mass production, lower costs, and repetitive tasks for workers.
When did the Industrial Revolution primarily occur?
Approximately 1750-1900.
What was the significance of the Enclosure Acts?
Restricted land ownership in rural areas, pushing people to cities and providing a labor force for factories.
What was the impact of new energy sources like coal?
Coal powered steam engines, boosting production and lowering costs, enabling factories to operate efficiently.
What was the effect of urbanization?
Cities grew rapidly as people moved for factory jobs, leading to new social and economic challenges.
What was the impact of the cotton gin?
Revolutionized textile production by efficiently separating cotton fibers from seeds, leading to a boom in the textile industry.
What was the effect of the factory system?
It centralized production, increased efficiency through specialization of labor, and altered living and working conditions.
What was the role of colonies in the Industrial Revolution?
Colonies provided raw materials and new markets for industrialized nations, fueling further industrial growth.
What was the significance of crop rotation?
It improved soil health and increased agricultural output, supporting growing populations and providing labor for factories.
What was the impact of the assembly line?
It maximized production efficiency by dividing work into specific tasks, leading to mass production and lower costs.
What was the effect of improved agricultural activity?
Supported growing populations by providing more food, which allowed more people to move to cities and work in factories.
Define Industrial Revolution.
A period of major technological, transportation, and manufacturing advancements (c. 1750-1900) that shifted production from homes to factories.
What is a steam engine?
A machine that uses steam power to perform mechanical work, crucial for powering factories and machines during the Industrial Revolution.
What is a cotton gin?
A machine that separates cotton fibers from seeds, revolutionizing textile production.
What is a power loom?
A mechanized loom powered by steam or water, greatly increasing the speed and efficiency of weaving cloth.
Define crop rotation.
The practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health and increase agricultural output.
What is a seed drill?
A device that sows seeds at equal distances and proper depth, boosting agricultural productivity.
What is the Enclosure Act?
A series of laws in England that consolidated land ownership, restricting common land use and pushing people towards cities.
Define urbanization.
The process of population shift from rural areas to urban centers, driven by the concentration of factories and jobs in cities.
What is specialization of labor?
The division of work into specific tasks, where workers focus on a single part of the production process, increasing efficiency.
What is an assembly line?
A manufacturing process where parts are added sequentially to create a finished product, maximizing production efficiency.