An armed conflict (1900-1901) in which the Ashanti people, led by Queen Mother Yaa Asantewaa, fought against British colonialism in what is now Ghana.

A rebellion in 1780 led by indigenous leader Tupac Amaru II against the Spanish colonial government in Peru.

A rebellion against the British East India Company by Indian soldiers (sepoys) and civilians, leading to significant changes in British governance of India.

A late 19th-century religious movement among Native American tribes based on the belief that performing the dance would restore the land and bring back ancestors.

A late 19th-century religious movement among the Xhosa people in southern Africa based on the belief that killing cattle and destroying crops would bring back ancestors and restore the land.

A series of conflicts (1881-1899) in Sudan where Mahdist forces, led by Muhammad Ahmad, fought against the Ottoman and British Empires.

Forced removal of the Cherokee Nation from their lands in the Southeastern United States.

Meeting of European powers in 1884-1885 to regulate colonization and trade in Africa.

Another name for the Indian Rebellion of 1857, sparked by controversial rifle cartridges.

Conflicts in South Africa between the British Empire and the Boers (Dutch settlers) over control of territory and resources.

Queen Mother of the Ashanti people who led a war against British colonialism.

An indigenous leader in Peru who led a rebellion against Spanish colonial rule.

The founder of the Sokoto Caliphate in West Africa.

The founder of the Zulu Kingdom in Southern Africa, known for his military organization.

The leader of the Mahdist state in Sudan who fought against the Ottoman and British Empires.

British businessman, mining magnate, and politician in South Africa. He was an ardent believer in British imperialism and the founder of the De Beers diamond company.

Queen of the United Kingdom during the height of British imperialism. The Victorian Era is named after her.

King of Belgium who established a colony in the Congo Free State, known for its brutal exploitation of the local population and resources.

Leader of the Indian independence movement, advocating for non-violent resistance against British rule.

Filipino revolutionary, politician, and military leader who fought against both Spanish and American colonization of the Philippines.

Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region.

A movement focused on self-government and independence, aiming to establish its own state.

A movement focused on preserving and promoting cultural heritage, language, religion, and customs.

A movement focused on economic self-sufficiency and independence, protecting their economy from foreign domination.

A movement focused on social and political equality, addressing issues like poverty, discrimination, and inequality.

A movement focused on achieving independence through peaceful means like diplomacy, education, and propaganda.

A movement focused on achieving independence through armed resistance against imperial powers.

The process by which a person or group's language and/or culture come to resemble those of another group.

The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group.

Actively opposing imperial rule through armed rebellion, guerrilla warfare, or civil disobedience.